Glossary

2001 Census: The Census was designed to collect information on the resident population on Census day - 29th April 2001. Enumerators delivered Census forms to every private household and every communal establishment in advance. Residents were asked to complete the forms with the information as correct on Census Day, and to post the completed forms back in a pre-addressed envelope. Where a form was not received through the post after a specified period, the enumerator visited the address in order to collect the form by hand. Arrangements were made to enumerate special groups such as the Armed Forces and people sleeping rough. The Census was followed by the Census Coverage Survey which took place between 24 May and 18 June 2001. This was an independent doorstep survey of a sample of a third of a million households, covering every local authority, which was used to adjust the Census counts for under-enumeration.
2001 Population: In the 2001 Census information was collected for usual residents. A usual resident was generally defined as someone who spent most of their time at a specific address. It included: people who usually lived at that address but were temporarily away (on holiday, visiting friends or relatives, or temporarily in a hospital or similar establishment); people who worked away from home for part of the time; students, if it was their term-time address; a baby born before 30 April 2001 even if it was still in hospital; and people present on Census Day, even if temporarily, who had no other usual address. However, it did not include anyone present on Census Day who had another usual address or anyone who had been living or intended to live in a special establishment, such as a residential home, nursing home or hospital, for six months or more.

Accommodation type: Accommodation type describes the type of accommodation occupied by an individual household, or if unoccupied, available for an individual household, for example the whole of a terraced house or a flat in a purpose-built block of flats.
Age: Age is derived from the date of birth question and is the age at a person's last birthday. Dates of birth that imply an age over 110 are treated as invalid and the person's age is imputed.
Agriculture: The category 'agriculture' includes hunting and forestry.
Amenities: Amenities include central heating, bath/shower and toilet. A household's accommodation is described as 'with central heating' if it had central heating in some or all rooms (whether used or not). Central heating includes gas, oil or solid fuel central heating, night storage heaters, warm air heating and underfloor heating. A household's accommodation is described as having sole use of bath/shower and toliet if it had a bath/shower and toilet for use only by that household. 'Without sole use' means that the household had to share, or did not have, one or both of bath/shower and toilet. The information is not available for unoccupied household spaces.
Area: The area in hectares.
Area of learning (of FE enrolments): This is the occupational area of the programme of learning for each enrolment. It is the policy of the Learning and Skills Council not to declare data where the count is lower than 5 because of disclosure control. Hence, if an area does not show any data, there are less than 5 counts in that area.
Average (mean) weekly hours worked: The average (mean) weekly hours worked is calculated by dividing the sum of the hours worked by each person (aged 16-74 in employment) by the number of people (aged 16-74 in employment).

Barriers to housing and services domain: The Barriers to housing and services domain measures the barriers to housing and key local services (GP premises, supermarkets, primary schools and post offices). The indicators fall into two sub-domains - 'geographical barriers' and 'wider barriers'. The latter includes issues relating to access to housing.
Boundaries: You can view boundaries on the map. This is an optional tool and does not affect your search. It may help you navigate to your area of interest. Not all datasets are available at all geographies, so you may find this tool helpful in selecting the boundary for the geographical level closest to your area of interest.
Business admin: The category 'business admin' includes business administration, management and professional courses.
Businesses (by sizeband/by industry): Data is this dataset only includes VAT registered enterprises.

Cars or vans: The number of cars or vans owned, or available for use, by one or more members of a household. It includes company cars and vans available for private use. The count of cars or vans in an area is based on details for private households only. Cars or vans used by residents of communal establishments are not counted. Households with 10 or more cars or vans are counted as having 10 cars or vans.
Cohabiting couple family: A cohabiting couple family consists of two people living together as a couple but not married to each other, with or without their child(ren). The child(ren) may belong to both members of the couple or to only one. Children are included in the family only if they are not themselves living with a spouse or partner and do not have any children of their own in the household. Cohabiting couples of the same sex are included. Cohabiting couples with their grandchild(ren) where there are no children in the intervening generation in the household are also included.
Council Tax Band: Council Tax valuations are based on the price a property, as it existed on 1 April 1993, would have fetched if it had sold on the open market on 1 April 1991. Each dwelling in England is assigned to one of eight bands as follows: Band A - up to £40000, Band B - £40001 to £52000, Band C - £52001 to £68000, Band D - £68001 to £88000, Band E - £88001 to £120000, Band F - £120001 - £160000, Band G - £160001 to £320001, Band H - £320001 and above. The council tax band of a property is related to its current market value at the valuation base date and not at March 2001. This data is provided by the Valuation Office Agency. Please note that the definition of 'dwelling' differs from the definition used in Census data by the Office for National Statistics.
Crime domain: The Crime domain measures the rate of recorded crime for four key dimensions of crime. These are burglary, theft, criminal damage and violence as these are deemed to represent the levels of personal and material victimisation at a small area level.

Datasets: A dataset is a category of data within a theme. Each dataset contains data on several subjects (indicators). All datasets are not available for all levels of geography.
Demographics and households: This theme contains datasets for: age structure (people, males, females), cars and vans, economic activity, health and unpaid care, average hours worked, household composition, household ownership, households and amenities, industry of employment, socio-economic groups, occupation groups, population change and density, social groups and travel to work information,
Dependent child: A dependent child is a person aged 0-15 in a household (whether or not in a family) or a person aged 16-18 in full-time education and living in a family with his or her parent(s). This is a change from the 1991 definition which was a person aged 0-15 in a household or a person aged 16-18, never married, in full-time education and economically inactive. An 'adult' in a household is any person who is not a dependent child.
Deprivation: This theme contains datasets for the Index of Multiple Deprivation 2004, released by the Office for the Deputy Prime Minister, and each of the domains. An area's rank for multiple deprivation and each of the domains is given as a number between 1 and 32,482, where 1 is the most deprived area in England and 32,482 is the least deprived. The score for each area is also given. Domains are: Employment deprivation, Income deprivation, Education, training and skills deprivation, Barriers to housing and services, Crime and disorder, Health deprivation and disability and Living environment deprivation. Ranks and scores are also given for 2 sub-domains: income deprivation affecting children (IDACI) and income deprivation affecting older people (IDAOPI).
Distance travelled to work: The distance in kilometres of a straight line between the residence postcode and workplace postcode. Not calculated for people working mainly at or from home, people with no fixed workplace, people working on an offshore installation or people working outside the UK.
Dropdown: A dropdown is a menu where the range of available options is listed below the title. You can select an item from the menu by clicking on the item in the list.
Dwelling (VOA): A dwelling is accommodation which is normally lived in by one or more households and includes houses, flats, bungalows and maisonettes. Temporary structures such as caravans and houseboats are counted as dwellings if they are the sole or main residence of a household. The precise definition that applies to this dataset is set out in Section 3 of the 1992 Local Government Finance Act. This definition differs from the 2001 Census in the way that it treats shared accommodation. While the Census defines a dwelling as accommodation that is physically self-contained, the Council Tax is concerned with establishing ownership and liability for Council Tax. These differences are compounded by variations in the treatment of communal establishments. As a result the dwellings count will not be directly comparable.

Economically active: All people who were working in the week before the Census are described as economically active. In addition, the category includes people who were not working but were looking for work and were available to start work within 2 weeks. Full-time students who are economically active are included but are identified separately in the classification.
Economically inactive: Specific categories of economic inactivity are: retired, student (excludes those students who were working or in some way were economically active), looking after family/home, permanently sick/disabled and other. A person who is looking for work but is not available to start work within 2 weeks is counted as economically inactive.
Economy and employment: This theme contains datasets for local units by employment sizeband (number of employees), local units by industry, gross household income, unemployment by age and unemployment by time since last worked.
Education and skills: This theme contains datasets for attainment levels for Key Stage 2, Key Stage 3 and GCSE (by location of school and by location of residence of pupil). The dataset also includes indicators for Programme level of learners and Area of learning for Further Education enrolments.
Education, skills and training domain: Education, skills and training deprivation consists of two sub-domains: one relating to the lack of educational attainment among children and young people and one relating to the lack of qualifications in terms of skills among the working age population.
Employment domain: Employment deprivation is defined as involuntary exclusion of the working age population from work and includes elements of the 'hidden unemployed' such as those out of work due to illness and disability.
Engineering: The category 'engineering' includes engineering, technology & manufacturing.
English/languages: The category 'English/languages' includes English, languages and communication.
Enrolments: The data shows the number of qualifications that learners of all ages are enrolled against for each year. Individual learners will be counted several times where they are enrolled on more than one qualification. It is the policy of the Learning and Skills Council not to declare data where the count is lower than 5 because of disclosure control. Hence, if an area does not show any data, there are less than 5 counts in that area.

Finance: The category 'finance' refers to financial intermediation.
Flats/maisonettes: The category 'flats/maisonettes' includes apartments.
Foundation progs: The category 'foundation progs' includes all programmes at foundation level.
Full-time student: A full-time student is a person of any age who indicated that they were a schoolchild or student in full-time education. Full-time students and schoolchildren who were economically active are identified separately in the economic activity tables. They are not included in other categories of economically active such as 'employees' or 'unemployed'. In tables on occupation and industry, where students are not identified separately, they are included under the appropriate occupation or industry. In the National Statistics Socio-economic Classification all full-time students are recorded in the 'full-time students' category regardless of whether they were economically active or not. The economic activity questions were only asked of people aged 16-74.
Full-time/part-time working: Working full-time is defined as working 31 hours or more a week. Working part-time is defined as working 30 hours or less a week.

General health: A self-assessment of a person's general health over the 12 months before the Census.
Geography: You can select the level of geography by which the data is displayed. In a thematic map, the level of geography determines the internal boundaries drawn on the map. In a data table, it is the specific area for which data will be displayed. The available levels of geography will depend on the theme, dataset and indicator selected. For some selections, there will only be one level of geography available.
Glossary: The glossary gives you more information and definitions for terms used in this site, and can be accessed at any time by clicking on the glossary link at the top right of the screen, or clicking on any underlined word in the website.

Health deprivation and disability domain: Health deprivation and disability identifies areas with relatively high rates of people who die prematurely or whose quality of life is impaired by poor health or who are disabled.
Health/social care: The category 'health/social care' includes health, social care & public services.
Hours worked: The question on how many hours a week a person usually works in their main job is used to derive whether a person is working full-time (31 hours or more a week) or part-time (30 hours or less per week). Hours worked is the average number of hours worked a week for the last four weeks before the Census.
Household: A household is defined as one person living alone, or a group of people (not necessarily related) living at the same address with common housekeeping - that is, sharing either a living room or sitting room or at least one meal a day.
Household composition: Households consisting of one family and no other people are classified according to the type of family and the number of dependent children. Other households are classified by the number of dependent children or whether all student or all pensioner.
Household space: A household space is the accommodation occupied by an individual household or, if unoccupied, available for an individual household.
Houses/bungalows: The category 'houses/bungalows' includes only whole houses or whole bungalows.
Housing: This theme contains datasets for dwellings by Council Tax band, housing stock, Housing Benefit claimants and Council Tax Benefit claimants.

In employment: Any person who carried out paid work in the week before the Census, whether self-employed or as an employee, is described as employed or in employment. 'Paid work' includes casual or temporary work, even if only for one hour; being on a government-sponsored training scheme; being away from a job/business ill, on maternity leave, on holiday or temporarily laid off; or doing paid or unpaid work for their own family or family business.
Income deprivation affecting children index (IDACI): This is a sub-set of the Income deprivation domain, and comprises the percentage of an SOA's children under 16 who were living in families in receipt of Income Support or income-based Job Seeker's Allowance or in families in receipt of Working Families Tax Credit/Disabled Person's Tax Credit whose equivalised income is below 60% of median before housing costs.
Income deprivation affecting older people (IDAOPI): This is a sub-set of the Income deprivation domain, and comprises the percentage of an SOA's population aged 60 and over who are Income Support or income-based Job Seeker's Allowance claimants and their partners (if also aged 60 and over).
Income domain: Income deprivation relates to the proportion of the population living in low income families, that is those reliant on means tested benefits. The domain score is therefore the proportion of the population living in low income families.
Income Support: Income Support (IS) was introduced on 11 April 1988, it is non-contributory, income related, and taxable benefit. It can be paid to a person who: is in Great Britain; is aged 16 or over; is not working 16 hours or more a week; has less money coming in than the law says they need to live on. From October 1996, Jobseekers' Allowance replaced IS for unemployed people. In general, IS is now only available to people who are not required to be available for work such as pensioners, lone parents and sick and disabled people. It is the DWP policy not to declare data for 10 or fewer claimants for disclosure control. Hence, if an area does not show any data, there are 10 or fewer claimants in that area.
Income-based Job-Seeker's Allowance: Job Seeker's Allowance replaced Unemployment Benefit and Income Support for unemployed people on 7th October 1996. It is payable to people under pensionable age who are available for, and actively seeking, work of at least 40 hours a week. Certain groups of people, including carers and those with a physical or mental condition, are able to restrict their availability to less than 40 hours depending upon their circumstances. There are contribution-based and income-based routes of entry to Job Seeker's Allowance. Entitlement to contribution-based Job Seeker's Allowance is based on a person meeting the contribution conditions. Those who do not qualify for, or whose needs are not met by, contribution-based Job Seeker's Allowance, may qualify for income-based help for themselves and their dependents. This indicator relates to Income-based Job Seeker's Allowance. It is the DWP policy not to declare data for 10 or fewer claimants for disclosure control. Hence, if an area does not depict any data, there are 10 or lesser claimants in that area.
Index of Multiple Deprivation: The Index of Multiple Deprivation measures multiple deprivation at the small area level. The model of multiple deprivation underpinning this is based on the idea of distinct dimensions of deprivation, experienced by individuals living in an area, which can be recognised and measured separately. People may be counted in one or more of the domains depending on the number and types of deprivation they experience.
Indicator: An indicator is a subject within a category of data (dataset). Datasets are grouped into themes. All datasets are not available for all levels of geography.
Indices of Deprivation 2004: Indices of Deprivation 2004 provide a range of information including detailed breakdowns for small areas (Super Ouput Areas - SOAs) and aggregate summary statistics. The Index of Multiple Deprivation, made up of 7 SOA level Domain Indices, provides measures of multiple deprivation including an Index of Multiple Deprivation Score and an Index of Multiple Deprivation Rank. These overall measures have been constructed from indices for each of the following domains: Income, Employment, Health deprivation and disability, Education, skills and training, Barriers to housing and services, Crime and Living environment. In each case the SOA with a rank of 1 is the most deprived area and the SOA with a rank of 32,482 is the least deprived. While the indicators facilitate comparative assessment of the relative position of small areas, they do not measure absolute change. The information is complemented by separate sets of scores and ranks for each of the specified domains.
Industry: The industry in which a person works is determined by the response to the question asking for a description of the business of the person's employer (or own business if self-employed).
Inflow (migration): Migrants into an area. A migrant is a person with a different address one year before the Census to that on Census Day (29 April 2001). The migrant status for children aged under one in households is determined by the migrant status of their 'next of kin' (defined as, in order of preference, mother, father, sibling (with nearest age), other related person, Household Reference Person).

Key Stage 2 (KS2): Pupils study Key Stage 2 of the National Curriculum in years 4-6, and take examinations at the end of year 6 (aged 11). Data for KS2 give results for Key Stage 2 English and Maths, showing the percentage of pupils achieving Level 4 and above. Data is either given by location of school or by pupil residence.
Key Stage 3 (KS3): Pupils study Key Stage 3 of the National Curriculum in years 7-9, and take examinations at the end of year 9 (aged 14). Data for KS3 give results for Key Stage 3 English and Maths, showing the percentage of pupils achieving Level 5 and above. Data is either given by location of school or by pupil residence.

Legend: The legend is the key to the map. It shows you what range of values each colour on the map represents.
Level (of FE enrolments): The level shown for enrolments is the level applicable for each individual qualification. It is the policy of the Learning and Skills Council not to declare data where the count is lower than 5 because of disclosure control. Hence, if an area does not show any data, there are less than 5 counts in that area.
Limiting long-term illness: A self-assessment of whether or not a person has a limiting long-term illness, health problem or disability which limits their daily activities or the work they can do, including problems that are due to old age.
Living environment domain: The Living environment domain consists of two sub-domains: the 'indoors' living environment which measures the quality of housing and the 'outdoors' living environment which includes measures of air quality and road traffic accidents.
LLTI: Limiting long-term illness - A self-assessment of whether or not a person has a limiting long-term illness, health problem or disability which limits their daily activities or the work they can do, including problems that are due to old age.
Local unit: A local unit is defined by European Regulation 696/93 as a local site where economic activity is carried out by one or more person(s) working for an enterprise.
Lone parent family: Usually, a lone parent family is a father or mother with his or her child(ren) where the parent does not have a spouse or partner in the household and the child(ren) do not have a spouse, partner or child in the household. It also includes a lone grandparent with his or her grandchild(ren) where there are no children in the intervening generation in the household.
Long-term unemployed: A person is defined as being long-term unemployed at Census if the year they last worked was 1999 or earlier.
Lower Super Output Area: Super Output Areas (SOAs) are a new geography designed on behalf of the Office for National Statistics to improve the reporting of small area statistics. They were generated by a computer program that merged Output Areas taking into account measures of population size, mutual proximity and social homogeneity. They avoid the problems caused by inconsistent and unstable electoral ward geographies. They facilitate statistical comparison as they are of much more consistent size and each layer has a specified minimum population to avoid the risk of data disclosure (release of data from which individuals can be identified). SOAs are not subject to boundary changes and so allow for future comparison over time. SOAs are intended as statistical rather than neighbourhood geographies and are not intended to represent communities. They will always be based on the boundaries of the postcodes as at Census Day. There are currently two levels of SOA: LSOA is Lower layer Super Output Area and MSOA is Middle layer Super Output area. A third planned layer is the Upper layer (yet to be determined). Lower Super Output Areas (LSOAs) are made up of clusters of Output Areas (usually 5). They have a minimum population of 1000 and a mean (average) population of 1500.
Lower Super Output Area (LSOA): Lower Super Output Areas (LSOAs) are made up of clusters of Output Areas (usually 5). They have a minimum population of 1000 and a mean (average) population of 1500. Output Areas (OAs) have been constructed by the Office for National Statistics as building bricks for Census data. Each OA includes between 40 and 125 resident households. They are built from clusters of adjacent unit postcodes. The area they represent is entirely urban or entirely rural in character.
LSOA: Super Output Areas (SOAs) are a new geography designed on behalf of the Office for National Statistics to improve the reporting of small area statistics. They were generated by a computer program that merged Output Areas taking into account measures of population size, mutual proximity and social homogeneity. They avoid the problems caused by inconsistent and unstable electoral ward geographies. They facilitate statistical comparison as they are of much more consistent size and each layer has a specified minimum population to avoid the risk of data disclosure (release of data from which individuals can be identified). SOAs are not subject to boundary changes and so allow for future comparison over time. SOAs are intended as statistical rather than neighbourhood geographies and are not intended to represent communities. They will always be based on the boundaries of the postcodes as at Census Day. There are currently two levels of SOA: LSOA is Lower layer Super Output Area and MSOA is Middle layer Super Output area. A third planned layer is the Upper layer (yet to be determined). Lower Super Output Areas (LSOAs) are made up of clusters of Output Areas (usually 5). They have a minimum population of 1000 and a mean (average) population of 1500.

Married couple family: A married couple family consists of a husband and wife with or without their child(ren). The child(ren) may belong to both members of the couple or only to one. Children are included in the family only if they are not themselves living with a spouse or partner and do not have any children of their own in the household. A husband and wife with their grandchild(ren) where there are no children in the intervening generation in the household are included.
Means of travel to work: The means of travel to work for the longest part, by distance, of the usual journey to work. For the purposes of this table, public transport is defined as underground, metro, light rail or tram, train or bus, minibus or coach.
Metadata: Metadata is information about the data, including the source, publisher and copyright information. Metadata also gives details about when the data was produced, what time frame it refers to and how frequently it is updated. To view metadata for the datasets or indicators, click on the 'view metadata' link.
Middle Super Output Area: Super Output Areas (SOAs) are a new geography designed on behalf of the Office for National Statistics to improve the reporting of small area statistics. They were generated by a computer program that merged Output Areas taking into account measures of population size, mutual proximity and social homogeneity. They avoid the problems caused by inconsistent and unstable electoral ward geographies. They facilitate statistical comparison as they are of much more consistent size and each layer has a specified minimum population to avoid the risk of data disclosure (release of data from which individuals can be identified). SOAs are not subject to boundary changes and so allow for future comparison over time. SOAs are intended as statistical rather than neighbourhood geographies and are not intended to represent communities. They will always be based on the boundaries of the postcodes as at Census Day. There are currently two levels of SOA: LSOA is Lower layer Super Output Area and MSOA is Middle layer Super Output area. A third planned layer is the Upper layer (yet to be determined). MSOAs have a minimum population of 5000 and a mean (average) population of 7200.
Middle Super Output Area (MSOA): Middle Super Ouput Areas (MSOAs) are made up of clusters of LSOAs. They have an minimum population of 5000 and a mean population of 7200.
Migrant: A migrant is a person with a different address one year before the Census to that on Census Day (29 April 2001). The migrant status for children aged under one in households is determined by the migrant status of their 'next of kin' (defined as, in order of preference, mother, father, sibling (with nearest age), other related person, Household Reference Person).
Motorcycle: The category 'motorcycle' includes motorcycles, mopeds and scooters.
MSOA: Super Output Areas (SOAs) are a new geography designed on behalf of the Office for National Statistics to improve the reporting of small area statistics. They were generated by a computer program that merged Output Areas taking into account measures of population size, mutual proximity and social homogeneity. They avoid the problems caused by inconsistent and unstable electoral ward geographies. They facilitate statistical comparison as they are of much more consistent size and each layer has a specified minimum population to avoid the risk of data disclosure (release of data from which individuals can be identified). SOAs are not subject to boundary changes and so allow for future comparison over time. SOAs are intended as statistical rather than neighbourhood geographies and are not intended to represent communities. They will always be based on the boundaries of the postcodes as at Census Day. There are currently two levels of SOA: LSOA is Lower layer Super Output Area and MSOA is Middle layer Super Output area. A third planned layer is the Upper layer (yet to be determined). MSOAs have a minimum population of 5000 and a mean (average) population of 7200.

NS-SeC: National Statistics Socio-economic Classification.
NS-SeC 1: National Statistics Socio-economic Classification - Large employers and higher managerial occupations.
NS-SeC 2: National Statistics Socio-economic Classification - Higher professional occupations.
NS-SeC 3: National Statistics Socio-economic Classification - Lower managerial and professional occupations.
NS-SeC 4: National Statistics Socio-economic Classification - Intermediate occupations.
NS-SeC 5: National Statistics Socio-economic Classification - Small employers and own account workers.
NS-SeC 6: National Statistics Socio-economic Classification - Lower supervisory and technical occupations.
NS-SeC 7: National Statistics Socio-economic Classification - Semi-routine occupations.
NS-SeC 8: National Statistics Socio-economic Classification - Routine occupations.
NS-SeC 9: National Statistics Socio-economic Classification - People who have never worked.
NS-SeC not classifiable for other reasons: This will usually include people who have not been asked questions on economic activity, such as the elderly. In Census tables that relate only to the 16-74 age-groups the category 'not classifiable for other reasons' will include only people whose occupation has not been coded. This category includes people aged 65 to 74 not working in the week before the Census (apart from the long-term unemployed and people who have never worked who have their own categories) and people aged 16 to 64 who last worked before 1996 (again excluding the long-term unemployed and people who have never worked).

Occupancy rating: This provides a measure of under-occupancy and over-crowding. For example a value of -1 implies that there is one room too few and that there is overcrowding in the household. It relates the actual number of rooms to the number of rooms 'required' by the members of the household (based on an assessment of the relationship between household members, their ages and gender).
Occupation: A person's occupation is coded from the responses to the questions for the full title of the main job and the description of what is done in that job.
Occupation group 1: People working as managers and senior officials.
Occupation group 2: People working in professional occupations.
Occupation group 3: People working in associate professional and technical occupations.
Occupation group 4: People working in administrative and secretarial occupations.
Occupation group 5: People working in skilled trades occupations.
Occupation group 6: People working in personal service occupations.
Occupation group 7: People working in sales and customer service occupations.
Occupation group 8: People working as process, plant and machine operatives.
Occupation group 9: People working in elementary occupations.
One Number Census: As part of the 2001 Census, the One Number Census project estimated and adjusted the census database for under-enumeration. As a result of the One Number Census and the Quality Assurance process it encompassed, it was also ensured that robust results could be obtained for each local authority area.
Other (tenure): Includes employer of a household member and relative or friend of a household member and living rent free.
Outflow (migration): Migrants out of an area. A migrant is a person with a different address one year before the Census to that on Census Day (29 April 2001). The migrant status for children aged under one in households is determined by the migrant status of their 'next of kin' (defined as, in order of preference, mother, father, sibling (with nearest age), other related person, Household Reference Person).
Output Area: Output Areas (OAs) have been constructed by the Office for National Statistics as building bricks for Census data. Each OA includes between 40 and 125 resident housholds. They are built from clusters of adjacent unit postcodes. The area they represent is entirely urban or entirely rural in character. They avoid the problems caused by inconsistent and unstable electoral ward geographies. They facilitate statistical comparison as they are of much more consistent size and each layer has a specified minimum population to avoid the risk of data disclosure (release of data from which individuals can be identified). OAs are not subject to boundary changes and so allow for future comparison over time. OAs are intended as statistical rather than neighbourhood geographies and are not intended to represent communities. They will always be based on the boundaries of the postcodes as at Census Day. Currently you can only use this level of geography as a search tool, but we hope to include data at this geographical level in the future.
Overcrowded: Overcrowded households are those with an occupancy rating of -1.
Owned: This includes accommodation that is either owned outright, owned with a mortgage or loan, or shared ownership (paying part rent and part mortgage).
Owned outright: The category 'owned outright' refers only to households that are owner occupied.
Owned with mortgage: The category 'owned with mortgage' refers only to households that are owner occupied and includes households that are owned with a mortgage or loan.

Pension Credit: Pension Credit, introduced on 6 October 2003, is an entitlement for people aged 60 and over living in Great Britian. It is not necessary to have paid National Insurance contributions to be eligible. It is the DWP policy not to declare data for 10 or fewer claimants for disclosure control. Hence, if an area does not show any data, there are 10 or fewer claimants in that area.
Pensionable age: Pensionable age is 65 and over for males and 60 and over for females.
Pensioner: This term is used in some tables as shorthand for 'person of pensionable age'. Pensionable age is 65 and over for males and 60 and over for females.
People and society: This theme contains datasets for Income Support claimants, Job Seekers' Allowance claimants, State Pension claimants and Pension Credit claimants.
Population density: Number of residents per hectare.
Property: The category 'property' includes real estate, renting and business activities
Provision of unpaid care: A person is a provider of unpaid care if they give any help or support to family members, friends, neighbours or others because of long-term physical or mental health or disability, or problems relating to old age. Please note that there is no specific reference about whether this care is provided within the household or outside the household. Therefore, no explicit link can be created to infer that an individual providing care is providing it to a person within the household who has poor general health, a limiting long-term illness, disability or health problem.
Public admin: The category 'public admin' includes public administration and defence.

Rented: Rented households can be rented from a private landlord or letting agency, employer of a household member, relative or friend of a household member, or other non social rented housing (rented - private); rented from a Council or local authority (rented - Council); rented from a Housing Association, Housing Co-operative, Charitable Trust, Non-profit housing company or Registered Social Landlord (rented - social) or rented from another source, including an employer of a household member and relative or friend of a household member and living rent free (rented from other).
Retailing, etc: The category 'retailing, etc' includes retailing, customer service & transportation.
Retired: Retired' is classified in the Census as 'economically inactive - retired'.

Second residence: The category 'second residence' includes holiday accommodation. The distinction between second residence/holiday accommodation and vacant accommodation for unoccupied household spaces is based on information provided by the enumerator. The enumerator was not asked to differentiate between second homes and holiday homes so they cannot be distinguished in output. Households that returned a form but which prove to be all visitor households are classified as second/holiday homes in output. An unoccupied dwelling is classified as second/holiday home if at least one of the household spaces within it (or the single household space if the dwelling is unshared) is a second/holiday home.
Shared ownership: The category 'shared ownership' refers only to households that are owner occupied.
Sick or disabled: The category 'sick or disabled' includes only those who are permanently sick or disabled.
Social grade AB: Higher and intermediate managerial/administrative/professional.
Social grade C1: Supervisory, clerical, junior managerial/administrative/professional.
Social grade C2: Skilled manual workers.
Social grade D: Semi-skilled and unskilled manual workers.
Social grade E: On state benefit, unemployed, lowest grade workers.
Socio-economic groups: Socio-economic groups refer to the National Statistics Socio-economic Classification (NS-SeC), which was introduced by the Government to replace social class based on occupation groups (also known as the Registrar General's Social Class) and Socio-Economic Group (SEG).
Sports/leisure: The category 'sports/leisure' includes hospitality, sports, leisure and travel.
State Pension: State Pensions are available to people who have reached State Pension age, currently 60 for women and 65 for men. Pensions are based on National Insurance (NI) contributions. Additional money is paid to those aged 80. A married person who cannot get a full State Pension based on his or her own NI contributions, may be able to get a pension based on their spouse's NI record. This only applies when the spouse is already getting a pension and both are over state pension age. It is the DWP policy not to declare data for 10 or fewer claimants for disclosure control. Hence, if an area does not show any data, there are 10 or fewer claimants in that area.
Students and schoolchildren: Students and schoolchildren in full-time education studying away from the family home are fully enumerated as resident at their term-time address. Basic demographic information only (name, sex, age, marital status and relationship) was collected at their 'home' or 'vacation' address. This information will not allow the derivation of a separate population base. Apart from one or two tables where these students and schoolchildren are specifically identified, for all main output they will not be counted at their vacation address. The information on families, household size and household composition (for their vacation address) will not include them. They are not included in the 'all person' count for their vacation address. The person variables, apart from age, sex, marital status and relationship, will be coded 'not applicable'. In the 1991 Census, students and schoolchildren were treated as resident at their vacation address.

Theme: Themes are broad subject areas around which data is grouped. There are currently 6 themes in the Data Observatory: Demographics and households, Deprivation, Education and skills, Housing or People and society. Within each theme, there are several datasets.
Time since last worked: This data shows all people aged 16 to 74 who were usually resident in the area at the time of the 2001 Census and were not in paid employment the week before the Census.
Toggle: In this site, 'toggle' means to switch on and off. You can therefore toggle boundaries on and off as one of the optional tools available on the data table search pages. Toggling the boundaries on and off does not affect your search, but may help you navigate to your area of interest. Not all datasets are available at all geographies, so you may find the boundary tool helpful in selecting the boundary for the geographical level closest to your area of interest.
Transport: The category 'transport' includes transport, storage and communication.

Urban Area: Urban Areas were released by the Office for National Statistics, taking into account the extent of urban development indicated on Ordnance Survey maps. Urban areas are built up from Output Areas on a 'best fit' basis i.e. including OAs which fit best within the boundaries of the urban land. An area is recognised as urban if the urban land extends to at least 20 hectares. Separate urban areas are linked if less than 200 metres apart. There must be a minimum population of 1500 residents at Census Day in the OAs that make up the urban area. Currently you can only use this level of geography as a search tool, but we hope to include data at this geographical level in the future.
Utilities: The category 'utilities' includes electricity, gas and water supply.

Visual/arts: The category 'visual/arts' includes visual & performing arts & media.

Wholesale/retail: The category 'wholesale/retail' includes repair of motor vehicles.
Working age: Working age is defined as 16 to 64 inclusive for males and 16 to 59 for females.

Zoom: Using the + or - buttons, or clicking directly on the zoom bars, allows you to zoom in and out of the map. Zooming in moves to a closer view of the map, so that you can see a smaller area but in more detail. Zooming out moves to a wider view of the map, so that you can see a larger area but in less detail.
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